Using the pathping command

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The pathping command is a route tracing tool that combines features of the ping and tracert commands with additional information that neither of those tools provides. The pathping command sends packets to each router on the way to a final destination over a period of time, and then computes results based on the packets returned from each hop. Since the command shows the degree of packet loss at any given router or link, it is easy to determine which routers or links might be causing network problems. A number of switches are available, as shown in the following table.

Switch	Name	Function
-n	Hostnames	Does not resolve addresses to host names.
-h	Maximum hops	Maximum number of hops to search for target.
-g	Host-list	Loose source route along host list.
-p	Period	Number of milliseconds to wait between pings.
-q	Num_queries	Number of queries per hop.
-w	Timeout	Waits this many milliseconds for each reply.
-T	Layer Two tag	Attaches a Layer Two priority tag (for example, for IEEE 802.1p) to the packets and sends it to each of the network devices in the path. This helps in identifying the network devices that do not have Layer Two priority configured properly. The -T switch is used to test for Quality of Service (QoS) connectivity.
-R	RSVP test	Checks to determine whether each router in the path supports the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), which allows the host computer to reserve a certain amount of bandwidth for a data stream.

The default number of hops is 30, and the default wait time before a time-out is 3 seconds. The default period is 250 milliseconds, and the default number of queries to each router along the path is 100.
The following is a typical pathping report. The compiled statistics that follow the hop list indicate packet loss at each individual router.

D:\>pathping -n microsoft